The following paragraph contains two sentences that are off target— sentences that do not support the opening point—and so the paragraph is not unified. In the interest of paragraph unity, such sentences must be omitted. Cross out the off-target sentences and write down the numbers of those sentences.
How to Prevent Plagiarism
1 Instructors should take steps to prevent students from cheating on exams. 2 To begin with, instructors should stop reusing old tests. 3 A test that has been used even once is soon known on the student grapevine. 4 Students will check with their friends to find out, for example, what was on Dr. Patel’s biology final last term. 5 They may even manage to find a copy of the test itself, “accidentally” not turned in by a former student of Dr. Patel’s. 6 Instructors should also take some commonsense precautions at test time. 7 They should make students separate themselves—at least by one seat—during an exam. 8 They should also ban cell phones during an exam. 9 If a student is found using a cell phone, that instructor should take it away. 10 Last of all, instructors must make it clear to students that there will be stiff penalties for cheating. 11 One of the problems with our school systems is a lack of discipline. 12 Instructors never used to give in to students’ demands or put up with bad behavior, as they do today. 13 Anyone caught cheating should immediately receive a zero for the exam. 14 A person even suspected of cheating should be forced to take an alternative exam in the instructor’s office. 15 Because cheating is unfair to honest students, it should not be tolerated.
SUPPORT...
The paragraph that follows lacks sufficient supporting details. Identify the spot or spots where more specific details are needed.
Culture Conflict
1 I am in a constant tug-of-war with my parents over conflicts between their Vietnamese culture and American culture. 2 To begin with, my parents do not like me to have American friends. 3 They think that I should spend all my time with other Vietnamese people and speak English only when necessary. 4 I get into an argument whenever I want to go to a fast-food restaurant or a movie at night with my American friends. 5 The conflict with my parents is even worse when it comes to plans for a career. 6 My parents want me to get a degree in science and then go on to medical school. 7 On the other hand, I think I want to become a teacher. 8 So far I have been taking both science and education courses, but soon I will have to concentrate on one or the other. 9 The other night my father made his attitude about what I should do very clear. 10 The most difficult aspect of our cultural differences is the way our family is structured. 11 My father is the center of our family, and he expects that I will always listen to him. 12 Although I am twenty-one years old, I still have a nightly curfew at an hour which I consider insulting. 13 Also, I am expected to help my mother perform certain household chores that I’ve really come to hate. 14 My father expects me to live at home until I am married to a Vietnamese man. 15 When that happens, he assumes I will obey my husband just as I obey him. 16 I do not want to be a bad daughter, but I want to live like my American female friends.
COHERENCE...
Consider the coherence of the following paragraph. It's got good unity and plenty of evidence and examples in support... but it seems very disorganized and therefore not as clear and effective as it could be. How would you reorganize it?
Why I Bought a Handgun
1 I bought a handgun to keep in my house for several reasons. 2 Most important, I have had a frightening experience with an obscene phone caller. 3 For several weeks, a man has called me once or twice a day, sometimes as late as three in the morning. 4 As soon as I pick up the phone, he whispers something obscene or threatens me by saying, “I’ll get you.” 5 I decided to buy a gun because crime is increasing in my neighborhood. 6 One neighbor’s house was burglarized while she was at work; the thieves not only stole her appliances but also threw paint around her living room and slashed her furniture. 7 Not long after this incident, an elderly woman from the apartment house on the corner was mugged on her way to the supermarket. 8 The man grabbed her purse and threw her to the ground, breaking her hip. 9 Buying a gun was my response to listening to the nightly news. 1 0 It seemed that every news story involved violence of some kind—rapes, murders, muggings, and robberies. 11 I wondered if some of the victims in the stories would still be alive if they had been able to frighten the criminal off with a gun. 12 As time passed, I became more convinced that I should keep a gun in the house.
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